Sandblasting apparatus and the like



April 30, 1946. J. w. RAsMUssEN l SANDBLASTING lAPPARATS AND THE LIKEFiled May 2, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l IZO INVENTOR.

IN' H4 IZA 106108 Iza April 30, 1945 J. vv. RAsMUssEN 2,399,385

SANDBLASVTING APPARATUS AND THE LIKE Filed May 2, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENT OR.

April 30, 1946. J, W RASMUSSEN 2,399,335

SANDBLASTING APPARATUS AND THE LIKE Filed May 2, 1944 5 sheets-sheet sIN V EN TOR.

Patented Apr. 30, 1946 UNITE-D S'I'ilXTiES PATENT OF FIC-E SANDBLASTINGAPPARATUS AND THE LKE James William 'Rasmussen-Los Angeles,'0alif.

ApplicationMa-y', 1944, SerialNo. 533,671

.fl Claims. (Cl. E11- 12) My .invention relates to sandl blasting.machines and apparatus and moreiparticularly to the construction andoperation of the sand blasting equipment, including its controls andregulators, which are especially adapted-for ,controlling and yfordirecting the flowof fluids, of sand andair, in Va suitably combinedlform when .passing through said apparatus and for directingthe fluidVblasting forcefina volume, Vvelocity .and the intensity ,offorce,during the sand blasting operation.

Accordingly, i.an object of my invention is to Aprovide -asimple andaninexpensive sand `blast- `ing apparatus, which is soconstructed andarranged, whereby a required volume of sand, `or r`othersuitable-material, such asabrasiveor steel shots, `or a combination ofsuitable `insulating =material, fsuch as a granulated cork or the like,fmayfbe suitably mixed and then be applied -with Asufiicientf'orceuponthe surface or surfaces, re-

quiring such treatment.

YAnother-object of myrinvention is to provide ceiving and for holdingtherein a quantity of Vsand or of other suitable material whichmay bemost adaptable for'application by meansof blast, said .tankmeans havinga suitably arranged-sand loading means, and also having means forcleaning same, further, saidtank means ,having -a central `passagemeans, which is zat its bottom section, said `Vcentr-al passage meansisconnected with an fairiinlet pipemeans and in close proximitythereabovea suitable sand lin-iiowcontrolling valve means .i isconnected, which `is l controllable .from 'the' outsideof vsaidvalvemeans for regulating the lvolume of sand passing `therethrough .andAinto said central passagemeansand in addition Isaid central passagemeans, at its side section, is con- .nected with a exible tube, V.theendof which is provided with :a knozzle means, ywhich 4 is .adapted fordirectingand for controlling the ysand blast operation.

`A further object of my invention is toprovide .said tank means withaset of ,inletair controlling means, whichprovidethe -air,.at a requiredpressure, Linto said tank means and also .to v:provide .means forblowingsaid sand from the reservoir thereof intothe central tubular.means andwhile the amount of said sandpassing into-said central passagemeans is controlled `and regulated by .meanSQL-theJn-.HOW controllingvalve, in volume Aasmay be required.

.Another .object of .my invention is tn provid said nozzle means .withl.a suitable uid mixing chambermeans which is providedwlth-a passageandterminates with a discharge nozzle tube, also, internally, saidvchamber means, in close Vproximity to said passage "has an air deliverytube means which is adjustably positioned therein and which supplies avolume of air'therein, at a pressure which may be suitable for mixingsaid incoming sand and fluid within Said mixing chamber means, andthereby providing a blast of a sandand uid mixture which is directedinto and for passing out of said discharge nozzle of the apparatus.

a'suitable tank `rmeans whichis adapted .forre- `A further objectof myinvention is to-provide said device with a suitable shell member havinga fluid mixing chamber therein, also, having a lnozzle connected toitsdischarge end and terminating with a iuid mixing'and spraying means,and in vaddition having said shell member and said iiuidmixing and`spraying means connected -with asetof fluid directingpipes, each ofwhich is provided with a suitable regulating valve for regulatingthe'flow of the fluid andmixture during their passage therethrough andfor regulating theforce and the impact of said liuid combination whileemerging-outof the nozzle.

Other and further objects and advantages of my .invention as willhereinafter more fully appear,'[ attain by the construction hereindescribed inithe specification and illustrated in the drawings,formingalpart of my application.

Reference `is had to the accompanying drawings, in which the :similarreference characters denote the similar parts.

Inl the drawings:

Fig. 1 is-the vertical cross sectional view of the sand blasting tank,showing its internal construction.

Fig. laiisla fragmentary, vertical sectional View -of the `Sandblastingapparatus, showing same in a modified form.

Fig. 2=is the vertical sectional view of the air inletl valvetaken'onthe line 2-2 of the Fig, la.

Fig. 3 s'anothersectional view of the air inlet valve, ltaken on theline 3--3 of the Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is 4the fragmentary horizontal and sectional view of the valve,taken on the line ill-fi vilarposition. as illustrated in Fig. 1,showing the valve. in its operating, position.

`Fig. r{.is thefragmentary sectional view of the sand flow controlvalve, showing said valve closed and in its inoperative position.

Fig. 8 shows the sectional View of the valve, taken on the line 8-3 ofthe Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 shows the fragmentary front elevational view of the hand leverand the indicating plate, of the sand flow control valve.

Fig. 10 is the longitudinal sectional view of the sand blasting nozzle.

Fig. 11 is the vertical sectional view of the nozzle, taken on the lineII-II of the Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is the fragmentary elevational and sectional view of a nozzle,showing same in a modified form. l

Fig. 13 shows the enlarged sectional view of the nozzle discharge end,taken from Fig. 12 and disclosing its construction.

Describing my invention more in detail, in its broader aspects, saidinvention comprises a tank 2 having a bottom end 4 and an inverted topend 6, of which, said top end 6 is set slightly below the tank rimsection 8 for providing a reservoir I0, while said bottom end 4 isdisposed outwardly from the tank edge I2 and thus forming a reservoir I4within said tank structure.

In order to hold said tank 2 in its preferred upright position, suitableleg members I6 are provided at the tank bottom section, as shown.

Also, said tank 2 is provided with a, man-hole I8 at its side and closeto the bottom end 4, which is inclosed by means of a man-hole cover 29,and in addition, said tank 2 is provided with a comparatively largepassage 22 which is enclosed by means of a suitable plug member 24, sothat said tank 2 may be readily inspected and cleaned, when need be.

The top end 6 of said tank 2 is provided with a divisional plate 25which divides said reservoir I0, of which, the sub-section 28 at itstopmost edge 39 is provided with a, perforated plate or screen 32, thusproviding suitable means for screening the sand or any other materialbefore it is poured in and through the passage 34 for depositing samewithin the tank reservoir |4, then, in order to hold the pressure withinsaid tank 2, the edge section 36 of said passage 34 is provided with asuitable gasket member 38 againstwhich a cone shaped cover member 49 isplaced and which is held in position by means of a chain member 42having its end connected and fastened to a crossshaft member 44 to whichan operating lever member 46 is attached as shown.

Said tank 2, at its nearly central position, is provided with an uprightpipe 48, the lower end of which is attached to the pipe housing 50 andthe bottom air inlet pipe member 52, while the upper end 54 of said pipe48 is disposed within a pipe housing member 56 which is, substantially,a part of said inverted top end 6 of said tank 2.

In order to eliminate and to prevent the dragging of the passing sand orabrasives and to prevent the wear of said pipe 48, its entire internalsurface is provided with a suitable internal liner 58, which in itspreferred form is made out of suitable resilient or elastic material,and thus providing a passage 59 the purpose of which will be presentlydescribed.

In order to keep said sand element, within said tank reservoir I4 at aconstant motion, said tank 2 is provided with an air inlet pipe 60,which has an air inlet member 62 connected to the tank bottom end 4 andalso having a suitable valve 64 adapted for controlling an air volumepassing therethrough, while the top end 6 of said tank 2 is providedwith a pipe connection 66 including an air pressure valve 68 and a gaugeI0 which connect through a coupling 12 leading to the main air line 14.

The volume and the velocity of air, at a given pressure and passing intosaid tank 2, is controlled by means of a main valve "I6 which connectswith said air pipe line I4 and also an auxiliary valve 'I8 which'controls the volume of air passing into said inlet pipe 60, and therebysupplying sufficient air pressure into said tank 2, so that the sandelement may pass through the passage carrying with it and therethrough avolume of sand with air into the passage 59, the amount of which iscontrolled by means of th'e sand control valve member 82.

Said sand control valve member 82 comprises an extension tube 84, whichis provided with said passage 80 and one end of which, as at 96 isdisposed within a collar 88 provided at the side section of said uprightpipe 48, at which point, said liner 58 is provided with an opening orpassage 99 for allowing the sand to pass therethrough and into thepassage 59, hereinbefore named.

The other end 92 of said tube 84 is provided with a suitable unionmember 94 which is iltted into the inside diameter of the valve guidemember or tubing 96 which is disposed within the wall 98 of said tank 2While the end of said union member 94 is enclosed by means of a suitableplug member |90, the purpose of which' will be presently described.

The outer end of said plug member is provided With a hole |02 adaptedfor receiving and holding therein a section of the valve control tubingmember |04.

The end section |96 of said valve guide tube 96 is provided with acasing member |08 to which the valve indicating plate |I0 is attachedand which also provide means for connecting said casing member I 98 tosaid guide tube 96 by means of screws I I2.

Said outer end |96 of said guide tube 96 is also provided with' an endplug ||4 which is provided with a packing recess and a suitable packingI6, and, if so desired, another packing gland ||3 may be provided insaid unit for insuring the safety and positiveness of performance of theapparatus.

The extended end |20 of said control tube member |94 is provided with acontrol valve lever |22 which is held in place by means of screws I 24,While said tube member |94, at its end, is provided with a suitable pipecap |26, so that said tube member |94 may be cleaned at the passage |20including at the opening |30, which is positioned within the rotaryin-flow valve member |32, and which is attached to the end |34 of saidtube member |04.

Said rotary in-ow valve member |32 is providedwith a suitable packing|36 and an angularly disposed feed surface |38, the angle of whichextends partially the length of said valve, and which is used forrestricting the opening of said passage 80 by turning the valve lever|22 in the direction desired,y so that a variable flow of sand and airmay pass into the passage |28 and through the opening 90, said flowthereai ter passing into and through the pipe member 48, as shown inFig. 6, or causing it to close the passage entirely, as shown in Fig. 7.

Also, in order to stir the passing sand upwardly from the bottom of saidreservoir 4, a suitable air inlet member 62 is provided, to the end thatsaid sand may be very readily picked up and car'- ried b y the aircurrent and directed through' the `passage i280, fthus-,passing A byuthe centrolwalvem *andintosaidpassage.' e

As shown in Fig. la, said tank 2 isvprovide'd with V"awsanii -ewcontrol5valve |4lJ, which comprises-a housing f M2 and/i whichgitsitop section-44iis Aattachedv 'to 'a vpipe member |418 which-is fmade substantiallyla part of said tan-k 22 at the -tanlrbettomfendl I Said-heusinglliz-extends dow-nwardlyffor for-ming aschamberil'ilfof which,itsbottomffzsection y `is "provided with lafplug l|52 :and-at onelof`its '-sidesii-tis provided with `'an fairfoutletrsection 1&54 whichterminates @with Ia fflange .156, while its opposite side section iszprovided :with: a'sui-t- :ablehole |58 wherein -an-air yinlet pipe l46|!is positioned.

fsaidhole 158 4is-lalso usedfor lni-ng-upsa-id lhousing M1424.wl'ien'-fboring f the 'recess f L62 l adapted fior-receiving vthereina suitable fresilient pad Amember |384. "Said padme'mber |5`4in itspreferred form is made out of suitable resilient-ma'- teriaL such V`as'rubber A or tthe like, and @is also radapted ffor providing fanabutment for 'the fend `section 166 of rthe discharge "hose Amember`|63, the en'dfof :whichisheldfin'placebymeans nf i `a suitable iiangel-l'having a set of screws or ,other suitable 'fastenings |112 providedthereir ffor holding itk against the housing -flange I 58.

Within said chamber rF58' a `suitable shoe-mem `ber'MZispositioned,which -is provided -withan 1,- -airvpassage H1B-.and a grooveI?'|8,vthus providing afpair of lsi'de flangesg |80, see'- Fig.2,1whichA extend `upwardly and `through which theholes- |82 and |84 aredrilled.

bosses |-9U1an`d '|92 respectively, eac'hvof :which'is `provided@withapacking recess'whereinl a suitable packing |1941 is placed and' which'arel held in place fby means of screwslg, las shown.

Within saidholes of said packing glands -I95 includingvsaid'holes |86and I disposed in said shoe member |14, suitablerod members 200 and -282are slidably positioned, of which, one end `thereof is screwedin'lpla'ce and within the respective sides of the valveblock 284, whichis slidably disposed withinsaid-groove |'|'8,while =sai`d rods 2|!!!vand202 extend outwardly from vsaid housing |42, so that when said valveblock "204 is in its vcf-mtral position it will close the passage 286which leads into the `passageZlJ'l and therecharge hose member |68,during the operation of thelapparatus, and it may be'note'd, that inoperation, the position of said valve block 284 may be so arranged andadjusted, whereby the bridging of the sand may be prevented landentirely eliminated.

Within said tank 2 said pipe 'member |46 is vprovided with a'nipple 34|)having a plurality of vholes or Vslots 342 provided therein and havingits'top section provided with a conical hood mem- V`-ber 344, which is'for preventing thesand from r`bycontrollingthefiow df sand which ispickedV up byimeans of the air passing ifrom said air inlet -pipe |88and throughthe passage 208 ofthe dis- .end ofvfwhich :is .connectzed nto1 the pipe. .housing 56 andflsiheld in ,place `:by: means 'of screws:2.12 iwhir-leiits upper end 52.! 4 is :.rnzovideii with a con-.nectionr 2 t6 :having #a set of bolts ,2 t8 :adapted ttor holding iitzin zplace, :as shown, and also i'having f a,.suitable loop-member 228adapted for freceiving and for holding in place the endse'ction 2122 ofthe spring lhousing fmember 1224.

Internally :within :said 'discharge connection 2t0 is placed 1acushioning member .22.8 which l-ies againsttthe internal liner 228 lasshown in :'Eg. A5, uvhiie Lthe :connection 2|-5 v-holds 4the end of `thefdischargei'hoseiz, :the length of which maybetoxsuit anyfdesiredpurpose .as in'praotice "maybe `mostfdesirable zand the. end .of whichterminateswith anozzle ora gun spray 'member 232.

.'Itmayrbe noted ithatthe; supply of airinto isaid pipe 521mayfbe.provided through ,a suitable pip- :ling-1:4, whichmay come from-'asuitable 'accumun later vcr `a compressor, and (that :the lpipe '48including the vdischa-rge :extension 2 |10, zand the pipe 9.5.0interconnecting the discharge hose memberY r8.8 mayibeofi any-..desiredVsize and area,

as inpractice may rbemost fdesirable for secur- :ing the :best results.

Thedischarge nozzle 232 comprises :aihousing member .234 which `isprovided with Ya Asuitable mixing chamber 23S having an in1et=passage258 which connects Ywith the/end -of the discharge 'fhose-230,wherein.it is held in place by means elf clamping member `240, also, 'having"the discharge end 242 Aprovided with fa .suitable .recess '-244whereina resilient .member 24h` is placed,

against which .the nozzle extension 12148 is held and fastened in itsposition .by means of a-'collar 25B and aisetof screws'252.

lDirectly in line and rearwardly `within said mixing chamber .238 anextensible Vtubing :mem-

'ber`254 is placed which is tted snugly within thehole 255 of-saidhousing '234, wherein itis adjustably positioned and held in placebyimeans cfa Vset screw '258, while'the `.outside .section of saidtubingmember i254, so Vdisposed'within said fmixingcharnber 236, 'is entirelycovered with a resilient covering .or rubbertube 259y so as toprerventthe wearrof saidtubing member 254 during the operation of theapparatus.

Alsojfor preventing thelair, when under pressure, fromescapingoutoffsaid mixing `chamber iik-35, saidxtubing 'member '254isprovided with a resilient collar 268, one side of which is fitted'intothe recess 262,'asshown, andthereby provi'ding an .adequate iittingrforfsaid collar and preventing its shifting.

Therearwardly extending end26`4 voi said tubingmeniber'254 isconnected'to a pipeelbow 265 which'connects with an air pipe 268 andwhich lleads tc-and is connected with an `auxiliary air supply line (notshown) Forincreasing"the velocity of the fluidal mass passingithroughthe passage 5S a suitable tube member 846 covered with afresilientcoating 348 may be `provided therein, as shown in Fig. l, -whichimaybeof any suitablelength or size as may be required or-desirable, also, torelieve the airpressure `from `said'tanlrZ said pipe connection E6 isprovided with suitable valve', which 'manually operated, and then toinsure the "safety of the apparatus, ya suitable Vautomatic, safetyvalve-3Y5Zis connected to said pipe connection -line 56, as shown-in Figs. land l'lh It 'maybe noted, thatl whenl said sand blasting apparatusislin` operation, :and I the sand, abrasive or ether'suitable materialismixed with the air and when it reaches said mixing chamber 236, thevelocity of the fluidal mass is slightly retarded and the blasting forceis diminished in the process unless an additional volume of air, at agreater pressure, is added therein passing from the line of supply andcontrolled by the controlling valves 'I6 and 18.

When, however, it may be required to maintain a comparatively lowvelocity of said uidal mass, allowing it to pass through the apparatus,and it is found then to be essential to increase said nuidal velocityfor securing the best results, then the passage 210 of said nozzle 248is employed, thereby increasing the impact of said fluidal mass,allowing the air to pass through the adjustable tubing member 2-54 andconsequently increasing the efficiency.

It may also be noted, that said elbow connection 266 may, if so desired,be provided with or be substituted for a valve, with which the passingvolume of air from said auxiliary supply line may be controlled andregulated as required.

In Figs. 12 and 13, the spray discharge nozzle member 232 is shown in amodied form, which comprises said housing member 234 wherein the mixingchamber is positioned, having a base member 210 wherein the end of thehose member 230 is held in place by means of the clamping member 240.

Said mixing chamber 236 is also provided with a sub-chamber member 212which is divided, by means of a valve 214 into a lower chamber 216 andthe upper chamber 218, said chamber 218 having its discharge end 219provided with a tube 280 which is directly in line with the nozzleextension member 248.

The lower chamber 216 is supplied with air through the pipe supplyconnection 268 and a pipe connection 282, which is also provided with asuitable gage member 284 so that the air pressures may be noted andaccordingly controlled as required.

Said valve 214 is of a conventional type, it being provided with a valvedisc 286 which is supported in place by means of a spring 288, havingits disc seated upon the ridge 290, also having a stem member' 292 whichextends upwardly and passes through the valve cap 294. The lifting ofsaid disc member 286 is accomplished by means oi' a lever member 296which is attached to the end of the stem extension 292 by means of asuitable pin 298.

Said extension member 248 is provided With a spray nozzle member 300,comprising a housing 302 which is divided into air chamber 304 and afluid supply chamber 306, having an annular divisional wall 308positioned therein as shown, and which extends to the ared out end 3|0,wherein said air chamber 304 is provided with a plurality or a set oftube members 3|2, which are disposed at a suitable converging angle andeach of which is provided with a plurality of holes 3 I4 the openings ofwhich are conned within said air chamber 304 while the tube extendingend 3|6 passes through a passage 318 which is larger than the outsidediameter of said tube member 3| 2 and disposed within the outer wall 320of said supply chamber 306.

In this manner said housing 302 becomes an independent unit which issupplied with a suitable fluid, such as shellac or paint through thepipe connection 322 leading into said fluid supply chamber 306 from theconnecting pipe 324, and also, having the air pipe extension 326connected to the air chamber 304 which leads from the air supply pipe268 and which, when so desired, it may be provided with a suitablecontrol valve, not shown.

It may be noted that said mixing chamber 236 of said gun housing member234 may be used for drawing and for dispensing continually a quantity ofgrounded cork or other suitable material rby allowing it to pass throughthe passage 328 of said extension member 248, and also, by allowing asuitable volume of air, under pressure, to pass into said chamber 304,said air in escaping through the holes 3|4 and the tube passage 330 willcreate a siphonic action within the passage 318 of said supply chamber306, thus causing the shellac or paint collected therein to be drawn andsprayed at said passages 3|8, and thereby, by means of said spray soformed, it will cause said granulated cork or other suitable materialpassin-g from said passage 328 to be deposited upon and adhere to thesurface upon which it is applied.

In this manner, an effective coating of any suitable material may beapplied upon the surface, said material to be in one or morecombinations, such as a rust preventing coating upon the hull of theship, or a mixture of cement with a spray of water, or other powderedmaterial which may be mixed with a suitable iiuidal medium and thereuponbe applied evenly as a waterproof coating over the wall surfaces offortifications, buildings or the like, o-r be used for iilling cracks,ruptures in cement walls, cellars and foundations, and which may beaccomplished quickly, effectively and inexpensively.

While I have thus described my invention with great particularity, itwill be clear that the sam may be modified throughout a wide range.

I accordingly do not propose to be limited to the exact details ofconstruction herein shown on the drawings and described in thespeciiication, but reserve the rights in practice to make the necessarychanges and modifications therein, which may come within the scope ofthe appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a Sandblasting apparatus having a valve connection of the classdescribed connected to the sand blasting apparatus and adapted forcontrolling the air and sand inow therethrough, comprising, a housing, asand reservoir in said housing, an air inlet passage in said housing forsupplying the air into said sand and passing into said valve at apressure, a slotted nipple means having a conical hood for controllingthe ow of said sand into said valve connection, a control passage meansdisposed in said housing and in close proximity to the air discharge ofsaid housing, and a sidewardly movable block valve means in said controlpassage for regulating the volume of sand passing therethrough and outof said sand blasting apparatus and fox preventing the bridging of saidsand therein.

2. In a sand blasting apparatus of the class described having incombination, a tank, a sand reservoir in said tank, air inlet in saidtank for forcing the sand out of said reservoir, and slotted passagemeans in said tank for directing the pas- I sage of sand from said tankand to the tank outlet including means connecting said tank Outlet forimparting another element into said mixture of sand and air and forincreasing the velocity of the passing fluids when reaching said passagemea-ns in said tank, substantially as described.

3. In a sand blasting apparatus of the class described comprising atank, a sand loading means in said tank, a slotted sand in-owcontrolling means in said tank, an air inlet connection means connectingsaid last mentioned means for intermixing the air with the passing sand,means connected to and extending out of said tank for directing theuldal mixture of said sand and air, and air passage means in said lastmentioned means for intensifying said blast of said lfluidal mixturepassing from said sand blasting apparatus.

4. In a iiuidaly mass blasting apparatus of the class described,comprising, a tank, a reservoir means in said tank, a loading andsealing means Cil in said tank for sealing the sand or other suitablemateriai therein, an air inlet connection means connecting said tank, aslotted nipple in said tank having a hood disposed thereover forrestricting the iiow of said sand, a mixing valve means connecting saidtank and interconnecting said last mentioned means for mixing a portionof said material stored in said tank with a volume of air passingtherethrough, and control means in said mixing valve means forcontrolling and for regulating the volume of said fiuidal mass passingthrough said valve.

JAMES WILLIAM RASMUSSEN.

